If plants are cut back in midsummer, no new leaves will form ( Hanchek, 1989), whereas cutting flowering stems in the spring will result in new floral racemes developing from axillary buds on the stem or from crown buds. Anecdotal reports indicate stems approaching 2 m height. Plants can form clumps 1 m across and almost as tall. High, diffuse light under cool, moist, well-drained conditions in a neutral to slightly alkaline soil high in humus are optimal conditions. Partial shade is required in the south or where summer temperatures are high. Plants can tolerate more sun in the more northern latitudes if kept reliably moist. Department of Agriculture hardiness zones 2 to 9. It does not bloom well in dense shade and will not tolerate poorly drained soils, especially in the winter. Plants flower over a 3- to 4-week period in late spring, with anthesis starting between late April and early June through the north temperate zones.īleeding heart is native to the cool, moist woodlands of northeastern Asia, growing in dappled shade. At the base of each outer pink petal is a spur, which holds nectar from glands at the base of the stamens. The flowering stem and flowers are in two planes of symmetry making them particularly attractive and easy to incorporate into floral designs. The leaves are coarsely dissected, blue-green, with a fern-like appearance. The plant has arching stems (racemes) of pink heart-shaped flowers that appear to bleed a drop of white blood. It is a spectacular flower known for at least 2000 years for its beauty and for centuries as a garden plant ( Zeiner, 2006). The former Latin name, Dicentra spectabilis, translates as “spectacular two spurs,” while Lamprocapnos means “bright smoke,” both referring to the flowers. The old-fashioned bleeding heart ( Dicentra spectabilis) from northeast Asia was recently reclassified as Lamprocapnos spectabilis in the family Fumariaceae based on DNA sequencing and differences in pollen and seed coat anatomy from other Fumariaceae ( Liden et al., 1997). Keywords: Dicentra spectabilis Lamprocapnos spectabilis perennial cut flower floriculture breeding The history, culture, propagation, forced flowering, use as a cut flower, pest management, and pharmacological potential are presented. These new cultivars are poised to create much interest among gardeners and cut flower growers. Three new cultivars, Goldheart, Valentine, and Hordival, are now available with distinctive foliage and flower colors. Despite the popularity of the spectacular flower and plant form, until 1997 it was only available in the common pink and white form or a pure white form and exhibited little phenotypic variability. This report provides detailed cultural information for this audience with an overview of the history of the species and its unique characteristics. floral industry, the plant is adaptable for use as a flowering potted plant and as cut floral stems with potential for year-around availability. Most general gardening guides include information on growing conditions but provide few specifics regarding plant growth and development that are important to those interested in commercial cultivation and use in the floral industry. A favorite garden flower for centuries, bleeding heart or old-fashioned bleeding heart ( Lamprocapnos spectabilis) is also used as a potted plant and in floral arrangements.
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